MOTS-c
Dosage Protocol
MOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA type-c) is a peptide encoded within mitochondrial DNA — one of a new class of 'mitochondrial-derived peptides' (MDPs) with systemic signalling roles. It is studied for metabolic regulation, exercise mimicry, insulin sensitisation, and longevity mechanisms.
What is MOTS-c?
MOTS-c is encoded by the 12S ribosomal RNA gene within the mitochondrial genome — an unusual origin for a bioactive peptide. Research has demonstrated its ability to activate AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), the key cellular energy sensor, which in turn promotes glucose uptake, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis. These are the same pathways activated by aerobic exercise.
Animal model research has shown MOTS-c improves insulin sensitivity, reduces age-related decline in exercise capacity, and activates longevity-associated gene expression pathways including AMPK/SIRT1 signalling. Its systemic reach — acting in muscle, liver, and adipose tissue — makes it a compelling research target for both metabolic disease and longevity science.
Dosing Schedule
Parameters documented in published preclinical and clinical research.
| Phase | Dose | Frequency | Duration | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative | 5 mg | Once weekly SubQ | 4 weeks | Starting dose for MOTS-c research. Use within 7 days of reconstitution — degrades rapidly in solution. |
| Standard typical | 10 mg | Once weekly SubQ | 4–8 weeks | Most common research dose. IV route is poorly supported — SubQ only for self-administration. |
| Off cycle | — | — | 4 weeks | Rest between cycles. Morning administration preferred. |